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The whole dataset, in numbers
9,174
people are credited across 25 years and 12 releases, including the publisher's own staff and the volunteers
61%
of everyone credited holds at least one vendor or contractor credit (5,632/9,174)
226
external vendor studios worked on Halo. 175 of them on exactly one game, 51 on two or more
743
people came from Experis, the largest of any single vendor, across 5 games
1,866
times someone went straight from one game to the next, across the 1,776 people credited on more than one
1,018
returns after a gap of one or more games
3%
of the 343-era studios' own staff had worked on a Bungie Halo game before (69/2,611). Counting everyone credited it is 3% (196/6,799)
40%
of Campaign Evolved's core team had worked under 343 before (184/456). Counting everyone credited it is 20% (376/1,909)
8%
of Campaign Evolved's core team had worked under Bungie before (36/456). Counting everyone credited it is 3% (53/1,909)
25
people are credited under all three studio names: Bungie, 343 Industries, and Halo Studios
5
people share the longest confirmed gap here, 25 years, all of them between Combat Evolved and Campaign Evolved
Achievements & spotlights
The most credited
Jason Shirley leads with ten games, publisher staff on every one from Halo 2 through Halo Infinite. Six more follow at nine. Frank O'Connor spans 2004 to 2021, Community Team on Halo 2 and Franchise Creative Director on Halo Infinite, with no credit at all on Campaign Evolved. Greg Hermann holds a different title on nearly every game, from Engineering Lead on Halo 3: ODST through GM Game Director on Campaign Evolved, and Special Thanks only on Halo 5. Jimmy Bischoff, Joseph Staten, Pete Stacker and Phil Spencer round out the nine. Steve Downes and Jen Taylor, the voices of Master Chief and Cortana, sit close behind at eight.
Five who came back after 25 years
Adam Crockett, Mike Madeoy, Chris Wicklund, Mark Dias and Tawnya Pettiford-Wates share the longest gap on this sheet. All five worked on Combat Evolved in 2001 and return in Campaign Evolved in 2026, with nothing credited between. Adam is the odd one out: a Cinematic Artist turned Gameplay Animator, where the other four are voice actors reprising their roles. Three keep the same part: Private Bisenti, Private Mendoza, and Captain Carol "Foehammer" Rawley, the Pelican pilot Echo 419. Chris Wicklund plays PFC Fitzgerald. The 2001 credits also list him as Pvt. Jenkins, but Jenkins has no voice lines in the game, so Fitzgerald is the part he actually played.
The work moved outside
Combat Evolved credits no external studio at all. Halo Infinite credits 90 and Campaign Evolved 33, out of 226 across the franchise. Six in ten of the 9,174 people credited hold at least one vendor credit, so most of the people who built Halo were never employed by the studio named on the box. Campaign Evolved shows this most clearly. Virtuos fields 569 people across five of its studios, against a Halo Studios core team of 234.
Crossing the handoffs
92 people credited on Halo: Reach are credited again on Halo 4, spanning the handoff from Bungie to 343 Industries. 344 credited on Halo Infinite are credited again on Campaign Evolved, spanning the handoff from 343 Industries to Halo Studios. A credit on both sides of a handoff is not proof someone stayed on staff the whole way between them, only that their name was printed on both. Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori are the clearest case: credited on every game from Combat Evolved through Halo 4, then Special Thanks only on Halo 5 with no work credit, then credited again on most games after that for the original Bungie-era music being reused, not for anything new.
Improving MCC
872 people are credited in a Master Chief Collection release from 2018 onward who were not credited in the 2014 release, not counting anyone whose only appearance there is a reprint of an earlier game's roster. Two more games joined the collection, Halo 3 gained maps it never shipped with, and content kept arriving for years alongside the fixes. This is roughly how many extra hands all of that took.
Jeff Steitzer
The announcer on every game that shipped with multiplayer or Firefight. He has no real credit on Halo 2 or on either TMCC release, even though he recorded new lines for Halo 2: Anniversary multiplayer as part of TMCC. The gold dots on both TMCC releases are only his Combat Evolved credit carried forward as a reprint, not a new one.
External studios per game
Every studio credited on each game, with the number of people credited under it. Eighteen studios carry their own color, either because they recur across games or because they brought a large crew to one. Every other chip takes its border color from the kind of work it did: development, testing, cinematic and sound, or publishing. Hover a chip to see the label. A dashed chip marked ∅ means the credits name a company but list nobody under it, as Halo 2 does with "ReelFX Creative Studios, Inc. - Additional Cinematic Animation". The company was credited, so the chip carries no number.
Halo 2
Epic Records 1ReelFX Creative Studios ∅FilmOasis ∅The Ant Farm ∅Omni Interactive Audio ∅Blindlight ∅
Halo 3
Volt 75Excell Data Corporation 34damnfx 28Sakson and Taylor 20Zoic Studios 9Rare 9FilmOasis 7FASA 3FILTER LLC 2Xversity 1Corestaff 1Blindlight ∅
Halo 3: ODST
Volt 29Aquent 6Excell Data Corporation 14Excell 7Comsys 7Two degrees 4FILTER LLC 3Xversity 3Manuel Design Labs 2zLib 2Perhapsatron 1Infusion 1Panther modern 1Total music 1Kelly Services 1Fourth Wall Studios ∅Blindlight ∅
Halo: Reach
Volt 43Aquent 16Xversity 42Excell 29Comsys 5FILTER LLC 4Panther modern 1TotalAudio 1Perhapsatron 1Frameshift 1Kaarbo Design 1FXVILLE INC 1Hewlett-Packard 1POPULUS GROUP LLC 1Pearl Digital Entertainment ∅Northwest Sinfornia ∅Studio X ∅House of Moves ∅Image Metrics ∅NewBreed Visual FX ∅Polygon ∅Schematic ∅Vicon ∅Blindlight ∅
Halo: CE Anniversary
Saber Interactive 110Certain Affinity 50Aquent 4Volt 3Experis Manpower Group 33Soundelux Design Music Group 22CompuCom 17Chanticleer 16Pyramind Studios 15Keywords International Ltd. 10Skywalker Sound 5The Skywalker Symphony Orchestra 2FILTER LLC 2COROWARE 1Valente Solutions 1POPULUS GROUP LLC 1Ten Gun Design 1Redmond Technology Partners 1The Sequence Group ∅Audiomotion Studios ∅
Halo 4
Certain Affinity 84Volt 68YOH Services 51Experis 27Insight Global 19Aquent 6COMPUCOM SYSTEMS INC 61Digital Extremes 38ADITI 28HANSON CONSULTING GROUP 17FILTER LLC 17IFUSIONIT LLC 8COLLABERA 7POPULUS GROUP LLC 4FXVILLE INC 4PRITHVI CATALYTIC INC 4PARTLY CLOUDY GAMES LLC 3MAQ SOFTWARE 3CUMULUX INC 3COROWARE 3Liquid Development LLC 3WICRESOFT 2UNISYS 2IDEA INTEGRATION 1FUSION IT 1Kaarbo Design 1OMNI INTERACTIVE AUDIO 1STARK RAVING MUSIC 1VIDA VERDE LLC 1Wimmer Solutions Corporation 1TEKSYSTEMS INC 1ROSE INTERNATIONAL INC 1Apex Systems LLC 1LONGTOP INTERNATIONAL LLC 1GL33K 1NELSON INTERACTIVE 1IMATCH LLC 1Redmond Technology Partners 1Keywords International Ltd. 1SYZYGY INFORMATION SERVICES 1MUSAI STUDIO CO., LTD. 1COOL MUSIC LTD. 1GLOBAL MUSIC COPYING 1STEVEN JULIANI MUSIC 1Film Score LLC 1ARRIBA ENTERTANMENT INC. 1MURPHY & ASSOCIATES 17Hz Productions ∅The Chamber Orchestra of London ∅Remote Control Productions ∅The Newman Scoring Stage ∅The Sequence Group ∅London Bulgarian Vocal Choir ∅Pearl Digital Entertainment ∅Abbey Road Studios ∅Angel Studios ∅Certain Affinity ∅Cynergy Systems ∅Giant Studios ∅Hollywood Studio Symphony ∅Axis Animation ∅Digic Pictures ∅Technicolor Game-Sound Services ∅
Halo: TMCC (2014)
Blur 241Saber Interactive 94Experis 83Certain Affinity 51Insight Global 20YOH Services 5Aquent 1Volt 1The Skywalker Symphony Orchestra 85The Skywalker Chorus 41Lionbridge Game Services 37Finishing Move Inc. 28The San Francisco Boys Chorus 27United Front Games 22The Sequence Group 17Formosa Interactive 15Source Sound Inc. 10Myriad Consulting Inc 4Fireteam LTD 4Maq LLC 3Quadrant Resource LLC 3Zip Global Corporation 3iFusionITLLC 2Denny Mountain Media LLC 2Apex Systems LLC 2Wimmer Solutions Corporation 2Aditi Technologies Private LTD 2Icertis Inc 2Akvelon 2Corlution Inc 2POPULUS GROUP LLC 2Brickred Systems LLC 2COLLABERA 2Xtreme Consulting Group Inc 2ExeQuo 2Hanson Consulting LLC 1Coroware Technologies Inc 1Amaxra 1HANSON CONSULTING GROUP 1Run Studios, LLC 1DIGITAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS 1VMC Consulting Corporation 1Aditi Technologies 1Aditi Staffing LLC 1TEKSYSTEMS INC 1RYLEM 1Ten Gun Design 1The Harmony Hut 1
Halo 5: Guardians
Abbey Road Studios 124SkyBox Labs 26London Voices 28Clatter & Din 19Film Score LLC 11Prague Philharmonic Orchestra 5Dvorak Hall of the Rudolfinum 2Airborn Studios ∅Arriba Entertainment ∅Ayzenberg Group ∅Dhruva Interactive ∅Empowering Media Dentsu ∅Fated Fire ∅Mindwalk Studios ∅Pixel Smash LTD ∅Razorfish ∅Run Studios ∅Ten Gun Design ∅Virtuos ∅Watson Creative ∅Wunderman ∅
Halo: TMCC (Post-2018)
Experis 245Saber Interactive 166Splash Damage 107Insight Global 20Keywords Studios 18Aquent 4YOH Services 1Behaviour Interactive 43Ruffian Games 28Xbox Game Studios 22Lionbridge Gaming 16Abstraction 16YEAR UP INC 9Formosa Interactive 7RANDSTAD NORTH AMERICA, INC 4DIGITAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS 4Assembly Media, Inc. 424 SEVEN TOPCO, LLC 3KFORCE 3TEKSYSTEMS INC 3Myriad Consulting Inc 2LINCOLN BAY COMPANY LLC 2Blue Hawk Analytics 1H10 CAPITAL 1Cyprus Human Capital Management 1Bluehawk LLC 1YOH 1Apex Systems LLC 1RANDSTAD 1Cypress Human Capital Management 1HI-TECH TALENTS LLC 1COLLABERA 1RAGEN SWAN PLLC 1POPULUS GROUP LLC 1JefferyM Consulting LLC 1Digital Forms Art Outsourcing Company ∅Blacksteinn ∅RenderDock ∅Toyrocket Studio ∅Overturn Studio ∅
Halo Infinite
Experis 431SkyBox Labs 183Sperasoft 154Certain Affinity 139Axis Studios 104Insight Global 96YOH Services 37Aquent 9RANDSTAD 88Liquid Development LLC 78Mindwalk 42Lakshya Digital Pvt Ltd 36Pixel Mafia 33KEYWORDS 31Red Hot CG 27Atomhawk 25NEAL ANALYTICS LLC 24Sprung Studios, Ltd. 24YEAR UP INC 24DISYS 22AQUENT GAMES 21Mandali Games 20COLLABERA 19TEKSYSTEMS INC 18LIONBRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES 17The Coalition 17SWEET JUSTICE 16CounterPunch a Virtuos Studio 13CYPRESS HCM 12OF3D 11WARNER BROTHERS 11Room 8 Studios 10ARTECH 9H10 CAPITAL 824 SEVEN TOPCO, LLC 7Speech Graphics 7VOSSLER MEDIA GROUP 7RYLEM 6THE JUDGE GROUP 6HARVEY NASH 6KFORCE 6HI-TECH TALENTS LLC 5Myriad Consulting Inc 5Bluehawk LLC 4Airship Images 4Undead Labs 4VIRTUOSITY 4Assembly Media, Inc. 4WICRESOFT 3DIGITAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS 3BIBLIOSO CORPORATION 3WABI SABI 3Skywalker Sound 3Counterpunch 3Wimmer Solutions Corporation 2Ascendion Inc 2Apex Systems LLC 2LINCOLN BAY COMPANY LLC 2YEAR UP PRO 2ALLEGIS 1LAKSHYA DIGITAL 1DIGITAL INTELLIGENCE 1KELLY MITCHELL GROUP 1ARGENT SECURITY LLC 1CYPRUS HUMAN CAPITAL 1ARTECH CONSULTING LLC 1Pixel Smash Ltd 1YOH OF CANADA CORP. 1COLLABERA CANADA, INC 1AQUENT LLC - CANADA 1MIGHTY CANVAS CONCEPT STUDIO INC. 1LIONSHEAD ENTERTAINMENT 1RANDSTAD NORTH AMERICA, INC 1LAUNCH CONSULTING 1JefferyM Consulting LLC 1DAHER ACQUISITIONS INC 1ARVATO SCM IRELAND LIMITED 1MEYERS SUPPLY CHAIN SERVICES 1ARVATO SERVICES IRELAND LTD 1NEIN COMPANY LTD. 1CREATIVE MINX MARKETING 1BLUEPRINT TECHNOLOGIES 1DESIGNIT 1DYSIS 1ALLEGIS GROUP SERVICES 1I HEAR YOU PRODUCTIONS 1GREEN STREET STUDIOS 1SIDE LA 1KPOW AUDIO 1Dakota Music 1Sofia Session Studio ∅Sound Kitchen Studios ∅Oceanway Studios ∅Angel Studios ∅AIR Studios ∅Vossler Media Group ∅Humain ∅SIDE LA ∅Slate & Ash ∅
Halo: Campaign Evolved
Virtuos Chengdu 304Digic 167Virtuos Sparx 145Lionbridge Games 116Keywords Studios 109Experis 75Aquent 47Insight Global 25SkyBox Labs 11Virtuos Shanghai 85Arrival 52Globalstep LLC 35Virtuos GlassEgg 23Sprung Studios, Ltd. 22Lionbridge Games - Accessibility 21Interpret LLC 21Virtuos 14Devoted Studios 13Snowed In Studios - A Keywords Studio 12Sperasoft - A Keywords Studio 9Randstad Digital 6Ninja Theory 6FX - Chamber 6Ascendion Inc 4Agility Partners 3Apex Systems LLC 3KFORCE 2Rare 2YEAR UP INC 1BCforward 1Bluehawk LLC 1Turn 10 Studios 1Gaming for Everyone 1
Treat these numbers as a guide rather than a record. They are read from published credit rolls by software, and credit rolls misspell names, omit people, and credit the same person twice. Some mistakes will have survived that. The dataset is here for insight into how the work was staffed, and it should not be used to settle who did what.
Halo Wars, Halo Wars 2, Halo: Spartan Assault, Halo: Spartan Strike and Halo: Fireteam Raven are out of scope. This project covers the twelve mainline campaign releases; the strategy and arcade spin-offs are a different dataset.
Credits come from each game's first release, so the Halo PC and Halo 2 Vista ports are left out and their teams are not counted. MCC is the exception, because 343 Industries published separate credit rolls for its later updates. Those rolls name their own people, so they are counted separately. The two ports may be represented anyway, without being named: Halo CEA was built on the Halo PC port, MCC was built on Halo CEA, and MCC took its Halo 2 from the Vista port. Some of the people credited under Halo CEA or TMCC (2014) may therefore have earned that credit on the earlier port work. The credits do not say, and this is not confirmed.
A remaster or collection does not inherit the original's credits as a new one. Combat Evolved Anniversary, both Master Chief Collection releases, and Campaign Evolved all reprint earlier rosters rather than re-crediting them: Combat Evolved's roll carries into all four; Combat Evolved Anniversary's own roll carries into both Master Chief Collection releases too, since MCC's own 'Combat Evolved' runs on Anniversary's remade assets rather than the 2001 original; Halo 2, Halo 3 and Halo 4's carry into both Master Chief Collection releases as well; Halo 3: ODST and Halo: Reach's carry into the 2018 one only; and TMCC (2014)'s own roll -- credit for the compilation itself, not any one game in it -- carries into the 2018 release too, since that one is an update to the same compilation rather than a new one. A name that appears only in a reprint keeps its original credit and gains no new one, but does get a small gold marker on the poster wherever the reprint sits, so the connection is still visible -- a dot for anyone credited elsewhere too, since their row already has room for it, or a badge on their one chip for someone credited on nothing else, since giving all of them a dot of their own would have meant giving each their own row. Either marker means the same thing: a reprint, not a fresh credit. It draws no line to anything, and a real credit that comes later still counts as a gap after it.
Publisher staff and community volunteers are both counted, and neither counts toward any developer or vendor figure, since both sat outside the team that built the game. On the grid neither carries a marker of its own any more: 'publisher staff' and 'community volunteers' are role classes like any other now, coloured and keyed the same way engineering or art are. Each game's card still gives them their own segment in the 'by employer' bar, since that bar reads the roster by who staffed people rather than by what they did. MCC's February 2025 update is entirely community: 50 Reclaimer volunteers, credited alongside no developers at all.
Vendor share is hard to compare across eras. Bungie-era credits carry almost no vendor tags while 343-era credits are full of them. Part of that is real growth in outsourcing and part of it is a change in how credits were written.
Voice actors credited for localized versions are left out. Only the original English cast is counted, so a game dubbed into ten languages does not read as having ten times the cast.
Role categories are a best guess and will not all be right. Where a credit names someone's job, that is what is used. Where it does not, the role is read from the heading the credit sat under, from a department printed beside the name, or from the same person's entry on MobyGames.
Source: Halopedia, Halo Waypoint, IGDB and MobyGames credit rolls. Official cover art, promotional art, game logos and studio logos courtesy of Bungie, Xbox Game Studios, 343 Industries, Halo Studios and the various artists who made them.